Before you go ahead learning “Perfect tense” make sure you have understood “simple past tense” correctly. Because all these tense use sentences from “simple past” and just add the form of “to Be” to make it perfect.

If the verb requires noun then the form of “To Be” i.e. असणे(“asaNe”) is decided based on noun. Like Simple Past tense. Otherwise, it is decided based on the subject /doer of the action.

So do revise “simple past tense”.
Let us go into details.

Rule 1) Sentences with Verb having noun/object

Sentence formation logic is:

Sentence in simple past tenseform of to Be i.e. असणे(“asaNe”) as per gender and multiplicity of noun and tense

Take the sentence “I have/had/will have opened box”.
It’s simple past tense is “I opened box” which will be translated as “मी खोका उघडला”( mI khokA ughaDalA )

Now the object of the sentence is Box. Which is masculine singular (similar to “he” ) .

Referring the chart for “simple past” tense of असणे(“asaNe”) for He, the form is होता(hotA)
So to make sentence past perfect we will append होता(hotA) to the sentence of simple past tense

I opened box -> I had opened box
मी खोका उघडला -> मी खोका उघडला होता (mI khokA ughaDalA hotA )

To make the sentence present perfect, we will refer the chart for “simple present” tense of असणे(“asaNe”) for He. The form is आहे( Ahe )
So to make sentence present perfect we will append आहे(Ahe ) to the sentence of simple past tense

I opened box -> I have opened box
मी खोका उघडला -> मी खोका उघडला आहे ( mI khokA ughaDalA Ahe )

To make the sentence future perfect, we will refer the chart for “simple future” tense of असणे(“asaNe”) for He. The form is असेल (asel )
So to make sentence future perfect we will append असेल (asel) to the sentence of simple past tense

I opened box -> I will have opened box
मी खोका उघडला -> मी खोका उघडला असेल

Rule 2) Sentences with Verb without having noun/object

Sentence formation logic is:

Sentence in simple past tenseform of to Be i.e. असणे(“asaNe”) as per gender and multiplicity of Subject and tense

e.g. I(male) have/had/will have spoken
Here the verb “speak” does not have noun/object.
Its subjective is I(male) i.e. मी( mI )
It’s simple past tense is “I(male) spoke” which will be translated as “मी बोललो”( mI bolalo)

Referring the chart for “simple past” tense of असणे(“asaNe”) for I(male), the form is होतो (hoto). So to make sentence past perfect we will append होतो (hoto) to the sentence of simple past tense

I spokeà I had spoken
मी बोललो -> मी बोललो होतो ( mI bolalo hoto )

To make the sentence present perfect, we will refer the chart for “simple present” tense of असणे(“asaNe”) for I(male). The form is आहे( Ahe ). So to make sentence present perfect we will append आहे(Ahe ) to the sentence of simple past tense

I spoke -> I have spoken
मी बोललो -> मी बोललो आहे ( mI bolalo Ahe)

To make the sentence future perfect, we will refer the chart for “simple future” tense of असणे(“asaNe”) for I (male). The form is असेन ( asen ). So to make sentence future perfect we will append असेन ( asen ) to the sentence of simple past tense

I spoke -> I will have spoken
मी बोललो -> मी बोललो असेन ( mI bolalo asen)

So simple !!! Provided “simple past tense” sentence formation is simple for you 🙂 🙂
So as to reduce your efforts of referring charts for the form of “to be” I have combined them here for all three tenses

Pronoun in EnglishPronoun in Marathi
Form of असणे(“asaNe”)
in Simple Present tense
Form of असणे (“asaNe”)
in Simple Past Tense
Form of असणे (“asaNe”)
in simple future tense
I (male)
मी
आहे Ahe
होतो hoto
असेन asen
I (female)
मीआहे Aheहोते hote
असेन asen
we
आम्ही
आहोत Ahot
होतो hoto
असू asU
we ( listener including)
आपण
आहोत Ahot
होतो hoto
असू asU
You (singular male)
तू
आहेस Ahes
होतास hotAs
असशील asashIl
You (singular female)तूआहेस Ahes
होतीस hotIs
असशील asashIl
You (plural)तुम्हीआहात AhAtहोता hotA / होतात hotAtअसाल asAl
He / That (m.) / This (m.)तो / तो / हा
आहे Ahe
होता hotAअसेल asel
She / That (f.)/ This (f.) ती / ती / हीआहे Ahe
होती hotIअसेल asel
It / That(n.) / This (n.)ते / ते / हे
आहे Aheहोते hoteअसेल asel
They (Plural of He)/
Those (m.) /These (m.)
ते / ते / हेआहेत Ahet
होती hotI
असतील asatIl
They (Plural of She) /
Those (f.) / These (f.)
त्या / त्या / ह्याआहेत Ahetहोत्या hotyAअसतील asatIl
They (Plural of it) /
Those (n.) / These (n.)
ती / ती / हीआहेत Ahetहोती hotI
असतील asatIl

Examples

Example 1:

She has/had/will have opened door

Step 1) Get simple past tense sentence
She opened door -> तीने दरवाजा उघडला ((tIne daravAjA ughaDalA)

Step 2) Find out the correct form of “to Be” and append.
Note:- Verb has object “door” which is “He”

She opened door -> She has opened door
तीने दरवाजा उघडला-> तीने दरवाजा उघडला आहे (tIne daravAjA ughaDalA Ahe)

She opened door -> She had opened door
तीने दरवाजा उघडला-> तीने दरवाजा उघडला होता (tIne daravAjA ughaDalA hotA)

She opened door -> She will have opened door
तीने दरवाजा उघडला-> तीने दरवाजा उघडला असेल (tIne daravAjA ughaDalA asel)

Note: For “you singular” i.e. तू (tU ) and “you plural” i.e तुम्ही (tumhI ) ending स(s) and त(t) of simple past tense form is omitted respectively.

Example 2:

You(female) have/had/will have danced

Step 1) Get simple past tense sentence
You (female) danced-> तू नाचलीस ( tU nAchalIs )
Step 2) Find out the correct form of “to Be” and append.
Note:- Verb does NOT have an object. So go for the form as per subject i.e. You ( female)

You (female) danced-> You (female) have danced
तू नाचलीस(tU nAchalIs ) -> तू नाचली आहेस (tU nAchalI Ahes )

You (female) danced-> You (female) had danced
तू नाचलीस (tU nAchalIs ) -> तू नाचली होतीस (tU nAchalI hotIs )

You (female) danced-> You (female) will have danced
तू नाचलीस(tU nAchalIs ) -> तू नाचली असशील (tU nAchalI asashIl )

Note:- while making Perfect tense sentence the ending स(s) of नाचलीस is not used.

Example 3:

You(plural) have/had/will have danced

Step 1) Get simple past tense sentence
You (plural) danced-> तुम्ही नाचलात ( tumhI nAchalAt )
Step 2) Find out the correct form of “to Be” and append.
Note:- Verb does NOT have an object. So go for the form as per subject i.e. You ( female)

You (plural) danced-> You (plural) have danced
तुम्ही नाचलात ( tumhI nAchalAt ) -> तुम्ही नाचला आहात ( tumhI nAchalA AhAt )

You (plural) danced-> You (plural) had danced
तुम्ही नाचलात ( tumhI nAchalAt ) -> तुम्ही नाचला होता/होतात (tumhI nAchalA hotA/hotAt)

You (plural) danced-> You (plural) will have danced
तुम्ही नाचलात ( tumhI nAchalAt ) -> तुम्ही नाचला असाल ( tumhI nAchalAt asAl)

Note:- while making Perfect tense sentence the ending त(t) of नाचलात (nAchalAt) is not used.

There is second style of saying sentence in past perfect tense. Refer below post for it :
http://kaushiklele-learnmarathi.blogspot.com/2013/03/past-perfect-tense-second-style-learn-marathi.html

Listen examples in this lesson

Exercise

Try creating sentences with different verbs using the above rules. Crosscheck them by creating same by “verb forms” feature on https://learnmarathiwithkaushik.com/