In lesson about Gujarati Barakhadi/Barakshari ( https://learnmarathiwithkaushik.com/courses/gujarati-barakhadi-barakshari/ )
We have seen that Adding અં (aM) to consonant is denoted by a  giving a dot on consonant.

ક(k)  + અં(aM) = કં (kM)

બ(b) + અં(aM) = બં (bM)

In this blog it is denoted as capital m “M”

This will need more attention to understand its pronunciation.

The dot given on the character is called “અનુસ્વાર” (anusvAr)

The anusvaar (અનુસ્વાર) is a nasal sound. The અનુસ્વાર   itself does not determine the pronunciation of a word. Rather, it is the character that follows the  અનુસ્વાર  that determines the pronunciation. There are seven possibilities that affect the pronunciation of an અનુસ્વાર.

So though we will use capital ‘M’ to indicate અનુસ્વાર, you may need to pronounce it differently depending on case.

Rule 1)

If the nasal dot is followed by the  ક (k) ,  (kh) ,  (g) ,  (gh) the nasal dot will be pronounced as  (~ga)

e.g. ‘n’ in “sing”

Examples :-

English wordSynonym in GujaratiTransliteration in roman script. “અનુસ્વાર” (anusvAr) marked as ‘M’Simpler transliteration to explain pronunciation of “અનુસ્વાર” (anusvAr)
DigitઅંકaMkank
FanપંખાpaMkhApankhA
MarsમંગળmaMgaLmangal
SleepઊંઘUMghoongh

Rule 2)

If the nasal dot is followed by characters  (ch) ,  (Ch),  (j) ,  (jh) the dot is pronounced as  (~ja)

e.g Similar but not exactly as ‘n’ in English word “munch”

Examples :-

English wordSynonym in GujaratiTransliteration in roman script. “અનુસ્વાર” (anusvAr) marked as ‘M’Simpler transliteration to explain pronunciation of “અનુસ્વાર” (anusvAr)
CollectionસંચયsaMchaysanchay
---કંછkaMChkanCh
CatમાંજારmAMjArmAnjAr
---વાંઝvAMjhvanjh

Rule 3)

If the nasal dot is followed by characters  ટ (T), ઠ (Th), ડ (D) ઢ (Dh) ણ (N)  the dot is pronounced as ણ N)

e.g. like ‘n’ in English word ‘taunt’

Examples :-

English wordSynonym in GujaratiTransliteration in roman script. “અનુસ્વાર” (anusvAr) marked as ‘M’Simpler transliteration to explain pronunciation of “અનુસ્વાર” (anusvAr)
BoardomકંટાળોkaMTALokaNtalo
ThroatકંઠkaMThkaNTh
layoutમાંડણીmAMDaNImANDaNI
EunuchષંઢShaMDhShaNDh

Rule 4)

If the nasal dot is followed by characters ત (t) થ(th) દ(d) ધ (dh) ન (n) the dot is pronounced as ન (n)

e.g. ‘n’ in English word “month”

Examples :-

English wordSynonym in GujaratiTransliteration in roman script. “અનુસ્વાર” (anusvAr) marked as ‘M’Simpler transliteration to explain pronunciation of “અનુસ્વાર” (anusvAr)
saintસંતsaMtsant
Religious sectપંથpaMthpanth
PortબંદરbaMdarbandar
jointસાંધોsAMdhosAndho
---ત્યાંનાtyAMnAtyAnnA

Rule 5)

If the nasal dot is followed by characters   પ (p), ફ (ph ), બ (b ), ભ (bh ), મ (m) then dot is pronounced as મ (m)

e.g. ‘m’ in English word ‘pump’

Examples :-

English wordSynonym in GujaratiTransliteration in roman script. “અનુસ્વાર” (anusvAr) marked as ‘M’Simpler transliteration to explain pronunciation of “અનુસ્વાર” (anusvAr)
pumpપંપpaMppamp
અંફaMphamph
lemonલીંબુlIMbulImbu
startઆરંભAraMbhArambh
priceકિંમતkiMmatkimmat

Rule 6)

If the nasal dot is followed by characters ય   (y ),ર  (r),લ   (l ),વ  (v),શ  (sh),ષ  (Sh),સ  (s),હ  (h),ળ  (L),ક્ષ  (kSh),જ્ઞ  (j~j) the dot is pronounced as   અં (aM)

Examples :-

English wordSynonym in GujaratiTransliteration in roman script.
“અનુસ્વાર” (anusvAr) marked as ‘M’
Simpler transliteration to explain pronunciation of “અનુસ્વાર” (anusvAr)
PartઅંશaMshamsh
BracketકંસkaMskans
Termસંજ્ઞાsaMdnyAsaMdnyA
restraintસંયમsaMyamsanyam
DialogueસંવાદsaMvAdsamvAd

Rule 7)

If the nasal dot is followed by the space character the dot is pronounced as nasal sound

Examples :-

હું(huM), is saying  હુ(hu) along with nasal sound.

e.g. We write “hmmm” here we pronounce “h” with nasal sound. Similarly we pronounce હુ(hu) along with nasal sound. But it is not as elongated as “hmmm”; a short one

Other examples :-  તું(tuM) , તેં(teM) , મેં(meM)

Listen examples in this lesson at

Pronunciation of anusvar in Gujarati