In Marathi, adverbs are created in different ways.
Below I have discussed different ways in which adverbs are formed, but there is no specific rule which dictates which way to use when.
It is just custom that dictates the creation of adverbs
So as you will read more and more Marathi you will understand different adverbs.
If noun of the adjective ends पणा(paNA) it is appended with ए(e) to create adverb
e.g.
1)”शांतपणा” (shAMtapaNA) is noun.
So adverb becomes “शांतपणा” (shAMtapaNA) + ए(e) -> शांतपणे ( shAMtapaNe )
शांती से (shAMtI se) :- शांतपणे ( shAMtapaNe )
2) “हलकटपणा” (halakaTapaNA) is noun.
So adverb becomes “हलकटपणा” (halakaTapaNA) + ए(e) -> हलकटपणे( halakaTapaNe)
3) बिना गलती किये (binA galatI kiye ):- अचूकपणे( achUkapaNe)
4) आसानीसे ( AsAnIse ):- सहजपणे / सहजतेने ( sahajapaNe / sahajatene )
5) स्वतंत्र रूप से ( svataMtr rUp se ):- स्वतंत्रपणे ( svataMtrapaNe )
सामान्यरूप (sAmAnyarUp ) of noun of the adjective is is appended with ने(ne)
1)”शांतपणा” (shAMtapaNA) in noun
So adverb becomes “शांतपणा” (shAMtapaNA) + ने(ne) -> शांतपणाने (shAMtapaNAne )शांती से (shAMtI se) :-शांतपणाने (shAMtapaNAne )
2) सबूरी (sabUrI) is noun
So adverb become सबूरी (sabUrI) +ने(ne) -> सबूरीने ( sabUrIne )
सब्र से ( sabra se ) :- सबूरीने ( sabUrIne )
3) उत्सुकता से ( utsukatA se ) :- उत्सुकतेने (utsukatene )
4) आसानीसे ( AsAnIse ) :- सहजतेने ( sahajatene )
5) ऊंचे स्वरसे ( UMche svarase ) / जोर से (jor se ) :- मोठ्याने ( moThyAne )
Many adverbs are independent words in Marathi
ध्यान से ( dhyAn se ):- काळजीपूर्वक ( kALajIpUrvak )
धीरे धीरे ( -> हळूहळू ( haLUhaLU )
जोर से (jor se ) :–> जोरात (jorAt )
झटपट (jhaTapaT ) -> पटकन (paTakan )
In English word indicating time or place are also considered as adverbs. Those adverbs are also independent words in Marathi.
We have discussed such words in previous sections as “time-related words”, “place related words”. So though grammatically they fall under the category of “adverbs” we have studied them independently for ease of learning.
Like in Hindi, in a sentence adverb come before the verb.
Examples:
मैने उसे साफ कह दिया ( maine use sAph kah diyA )
मी त्याला स्पष्टपणे सांगितले (mI tyAlA spaShTapaNe sAMgitale )
उसने मॅचकी आखरी ओव्हर उत्सुकतासे देखी (usane m~achakI AkharI ovhar utsukatAse dekhI )
त्याने सामन्याची शेवटची ओव्हर अधिरतेने बघितली (tyAne sAmanyAchI shevaTachI ovhar adhiratene baghitalI )
वह यह काम आसानीसे खतम कर सकती है ( vah yah kAm AsAnIse khatam kar sakatI hai )
ती हे काम सहजपणे संपवू शकते ( tI he kAm sahajapaNe saMpavU shakate )
