We have long back learned Past perfect tense. Today we will see another style of saying past perfect tense.
With the grammar learned before, the sentence “I had spoken” will be translated as “मी बोललो होतो ( mI bolalo hoto ).
In second style it can be said as मी बोललेलो ( mI bolalelo )
In this form below suffixes are appended to the verb. And the form of the verb “To Be” i.e. असणे (asaNe ) is not required.
If a verb is अकर्मक (akarmak) i.e. which does not need noun then the suffix is chosen based on gender, pluralism of कर्ता ( kartA ) i.e. doer of the action
If the verb is सकर्मक ( sakarmak ) i.e. which needs a noun, then the suffix is chosen based on gender, pluralism of कर्म ( karm ) i.e. noun
Refer Below Table
| Pronoun in English | Pronoun in Marathi | Suffix in Marathi | Suffix Transliteration |
|---|---|---|---|
| I (male) | मी | लेलो | lelo |
| I (female) | मी | लेले | lele |
| we | आम्ही | लेलो | lelo |
| we ( listener including) | आपण | लेलो | lelo |
| You (singular male) | तू | लेलास | lelAs |
| You (singular female) | तू | लेलीस | lelIs |
| You (plural) | तुम्ही | लेलात | lelAt |
| He | तो | लेला | lelA |
| She | ती | लेली | lelI |
| It | ते | लेले | lele |
| They (Plural of He) | ते | लेले | lele |
| They (Plural of She) | त्या | लेल्या | lelyA |
| They (Plural of it) | ती | लेली | lelI |
Examples
अकर्मक (akarmak) verbs
I had spoken -> मी बोललेलो ( mI bolalelo )
You (Male) had danced -> तू नाचलेलास ( tU nAchalelAs )
You (Female) had danced ->तू नाचलेलीस (tU nAchalelIs )
He had laughed -> तो हसलेला ( to hasalelA )
They boys had laughed -> ते मुलगे हसलेले ( te mulage hasalele )
सकर्मक ( sakarmak ) verbs
I had opened door -> मी दरवाजा उघडलेला ( mI darawAjA ughaDalelA )
I had opened window -> मी खिडकी उघडलेली ( mI khiDakI ughaDalelI )
She had eaten mango -> तीने आंबा खाल्लेला ( tIne AMbA khAllelA )
Those girls had picked keys -> त्या मुलींनी किल्ल्या उचललेल्या ( tyA mulIMnI killyA uchalalelyA )
Present/Future Perfect tense can be formed by using the form of असणे(asaNe) along with main verb form discussed above
As usual for सकर्मक ( sakarmak ) verbs form of असणे(asaNe) will be as per object while in अकर्मक (akarmak) verbs it will be as per subject.
In the form of You(singular) & You(plural) the स(s) and त(t) are omitted.
e.g.
I had spoken -> मी बोललेलो ( mI bolalelo )
I have spoken -> मी बोललेलो आहे ( mI bolalelo Ahe)
I will have spoken -> मी बोललेलो असेन ( mI bolalelo asen)
You (Male) had danced -> तू नाचलेलास ( tU nAchalelAs )
You (Male) have danced -> तू नाचलेला आहेस ( tU nAchalelAs Ahes)
You (Male) will have danced -> तू नाचलेला असशील
(tU nAchalelAs asashIl)
Those girls had picked keys -> त्या मुलींनी किल्ल्या उचललेल्या ( tyA mulIMnI killyA uchalalelyA )
Those girls have picked keys -> त्या मुलींनी किल्ल्या उचललेल्या आहेत ( tyA mulIMnI killyA uchalalelyA Ahet)
Those girls will have picked keys -> त्या मुलींनी किल्ल्या उचललेल्या असतील( tyA mulIMnI killyA uchalalelyA asatIl)
Listen this lesson online
Exercise
Try creating sentences with different verbs using above rules. Crosscheck them by creating same by “verb forms” feature on https://learnmarathiwithkaushik.com/
