My/His/Her etc.
To represent the ownership we use My/His/Her etc. In English, these forms are gender-neutral e.g My son. My daughter. My table.
For all the three cases we used “My”. But in Marathi, depending on the gender of the objective form changes.
e.g. For “My” in English, there are 3 forms in Marathi viz. माझा (mAjhA ) माझी (mAjhI ) माझे ( mAjhe)
माझा (mAjhA ) for masculine
माझी (mAjhI ) for feminine
माझे (mAjhe) for neuter
So the above cases will be
My son –> माझा मुलगा (mAjhA mulagA )
My daughter –> माझी मुलगी (mAjhI mulagI )
My Table –> माझे टेबल (mAjhe Tebal )
If the objective is plural then again there are 3 different forms one for each gender
viz. माझे (mAjhe) माझ्या (mAjhyA) माझी ( mAjhI )
My sons –> माझे मुलगे (mAjhe mulage)
My daughters –> माझ्या मुली (mAjhyA mulI )
My Tables –> माझी टेबले (mAjhe Tebale )
For proper names for singular object depending on gender चा(chA) / ची (chI ) / चे (che ) is apended.
And for plural objective depending on gender चे (che ) / च्या (chyA ) / ची (chI ) is appended
e.g.
Peter’s son –> पीटरचा मुलगा (pITarachA mulagA )
Peter’s daughter –> पीटरची मुलगी (pITarachI mulagI )
Peter’s Table –> पीटरचे टेबल (pITarache Tebal )
If the objective is plural then again there are 3 different forms one for each gender
viz.
Peter’s sons –> पीटरचे मुलगे (pITarache mulage)
Peter’s daughters –> पीटरच्या मुली (pITarachyA mulI )
Peter’s Tables –> पीटरची टेबले (pITarachI Tebale )
So remember suffixes चा(chA) / ची (chI ) / चे (che) for singular and चे (che ) / च्या (chyA ) / ची (chI) for plural. And relate them to below forms
Below table list all the form
| Pronoun in English | My/his etc. in English | Form in Marathi for singular object. (m./f./n.) And their transliteration | Form in Marathi for plural object. (m./f./n.) And their transliteration |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | my | माझा माझी माझे mAjhA mAjhI mAjhe | माझे माझ्या माझी mAjhe mAjhyA mAjhI |
| we | our | आमचा आमची आमचे AmachA AmachI Amache | आमचे आमच्या आमची Amache AmachyA AmachI |
| we ( listener including) | our | आपला आपली आपले ApalA ApalI Apale | आपले आपल्या आपली Apale ApalyA ApalI |
| You (singular) | your | तुझा तुझी तुझे tujhA tujhI tujhe | तुझे तुझ्या तुझी tujhe tujhyA tujhI |
| You (plural) | your | तुमचा तुमची तुमचे tumachA tumachI tumache | तुमचे तुमच्या तुमची tumache tumachyA tumachI |
| He / That (male) | his | त्याचा त्याची त्याचे tyaachA tyAchI tyAche | त्याचे त्याच्या त्याची tyAche tyAchyA tyAchI |
| She /That (female) | her | तीचा तीची तीचे tIchA tIchI tIche | तीचे तीच्या तिची tIche tIchyA tichI |
| It /That (neuter) | it's | त्याचा त्याची त्याचे tyaachA tyAchI tyAche | त्याचे त्याच्या त्याची tyAche tyAchyA tyAchI |
| They (Plural of He) / Those (m.) | their | त्यांचा त्यांची त्यांचे tyAMchA tyAMchI tyAMche | त्यांचे त्यांच्या त्यांची tyAMche tyAMchyA tyAMchI |
| They (Plural of She) / Those(f.) | their | त्यांचा त्यांची त्यांचे tyAMchA tyAMchI tyAMche | त्यांचे त्यांच्या त्यांची tyAMche tyAMchyA tyAMchI |
| They (Plural of it) / Those (n.) | their | त्यांचा त्यांची त्यांचे tyAMchA tyAMchI tyAMche | त्यांचे त्यांच्या त्यांची tyAMche tyAMchyA tyAMchI |
| This(Male) | of this | ह्याचा ह्याची ह्याचे hyaachA hyAchI hyAche | ह्याचे ह्याच्या ह्याची hyAche hyAchyA hyAchI |
| This(Female) | of this | हिचा हिची हिचे hichA hichI hiche | हिचे हिच्या हिची hiche hichyA hichI |
| This(neuter) | of this | ह्याचा ह्याची ह्याचे hyaachA hyAchI hyAche | ह्याचे ह्याच्या ह्याची hyAche hyAchyA hyAchI |
| These (male) | of these | ह्यांचा ह्यांची ह्यांचे hyAMchA hyAMchI hyAMche | ह्यांचे ह्यांच्या ह्यांची hyAMche hyAMchyA hyAMchI |
| These (female) | of these | ह्यांचा ह्यांची ह्यांचे hyAMchA hyAMchI hyAMche | ह्यांचे ह्यांच्या ह्यांची hyAMche hyAMchyA hyAMchI |
| These (neuter) | of these | ह्यांचा ह्यांची ह्यांचे hyAMchA hyAMchI hyAMche | ह्यांचे ह्यांच्या ह्यांची hyAMche hyAMchyA hyAMchI |
Examlples
Camera of this -> ह्याचा कॅमेरा (hyAchA k~emerA )
(Note:- Camera is masculine in Marathi. Its singular form is used here )
Her bottle –> तीची बाटली (tIchI bATalI )
(Note:- Bottle is feminine in Marathi. Its singular form is used here)
Trees of these –> ह्यांची झाडे (hyAMchI jhADe )
(Note:- Tree is neuter in Marathi. Its plural form is used here)
Our school –> आमची शाळा ( AmachI shALA )
(Note:- School is feminine in Marathi. Its singular form is used here)
Suffixes with common nouns
For common nouns the suffixes चा(chA)/ची(chI)/चे(che)/चे(che)/च्या(chyA)/ची(chI) are appended to सामान्यरूप (samanyroop form) of the noun.
For more details on this form refer
Working with nouns – Prepositions in Marathi
e.g.
Cuckoo -> कोकिळा (kokiLA)
Cuckoo’s voice -> कोकिळेचा आवाज (kokiLechA AvAj)
samanyroop form of noun कोकिळा (kokiLA) is कोकिळे (kokiLe). So,
कोकिळे (kokiLe) + चा(chA) = कोकिळेचा (kokiLechA)
Name -> नाव (nAv)
Spelling of name -> नावाचे स्पेलिंग (nAvAche speliMg)
samanyroop form of noun नाव (nAv) is नावा(nAvA). So,
नावा(nAvA) + चे(che) = नावाचे (nAvAche)
Similarly,
Egg -> अंडे (aMDe)
Price of egg -> अंड्याची किंमत (aMDyAchI kiMmat)
Jar -> बरणी(baraNI)
Lid of jar -> बरणीचे झाकण (baraNIche jhAkaN)
Here you see no difference because samanyroop form of बरणी(baraNI) is same as the word.
Relating multiple words
When you are connecting multiple words to show a relation the samanyroop form will be used for every word in the chain i.e.
- Pronoun हा/ही/हे/हे/ह्या/ही is replaced with ह्या(hyA). तो/ती/ते/ते/त्या/ती is replaced with त्या(tyA)
- The suffix चा(chA)/ची(chI)/चे(che)/चे(che)/च्या(chyA)/ची(chI) is replaced with च्या(chyA).
- Applying rule 2 to forms of pronouns seen before the forms will look like
| Pronoun in English | Samanyroop form |
|---|---|
| I | माझ्या mAjhyA |
| we | आमच्या AmachyA |
| we ( listener including) | आपल्या ApalyA |
| You (singular) | तुझ्या tujhyA |
| You (plural) | तुमच्या tumachyA |
| He / That (male) | त्याच्या tyAchyA |
| She /That (female) | तीच्या tIchyA |
| It /That (neuter) | त्याच्या tyAchyA |
| They /Those(m./f./n.) | त्यांच्या tyAMchyA |
| This(Male) | ह्याच्या hyAchyA |
| This(Female) | हिच्या hichyA |
| This(neuter) | ह्याच्या hyAchyA |
| These (m./f/n.) | ह्यांच्या hyAMchyA |
Let’s try this concept using below details of words
Cuckoo -> कोकिळा (kokiLA). Gender – Fem. Samanyroop – कोकिळे (kokile)
Sound -> आवाज(AvAj) Gender – Masc.. Samanyroop – आवाजा (AvAjA)
Beauty ->सौंदर्य(sauMdary) Gender – Neu.. Samanyroop – सौंदर्याच्या (sauMdaryA)
Narration -> वर्णन(varNan) Gender – Neu.. Samanyroop वर्णना (varNanA)
Song -> गाणे (gANe) Gender – Neu.. Samanyroop गाण्या (gANyA)
Lyrics -> बोल(bol) Gender – Neu.. Samanyroop बोला (bolA)
Let’s frame sentences
That cuckoo -> ती कोकिळा (tI kokiLA)
Voice of that cuckoo -> त्या कोकिळेचा आवाज ( tyA kokiLechA AvAj)
As we are relating something with noun “cuckoo”, we used samanyroop form of noun ती(tI) which is त्या(tyA) as mentioned in point 1.
The beauty of voice of that cuckoo -> त्या कोकिळेच्या आवाजाचे सौंदर्य ( tyA kokiLechyA AvAjache sauMdary)
As we are relating something to “voice”, we used samanyroop form कोकिळेचा(kokiLechA ) which is कोकिळेच्या(kokiLechyA) as mentioned in point 2.
If we keep adding such related words, we will keep using samanyroop form of all previous nouns/pronouns. Let’s take this example
The example will make it clear
That cuckoo -> ती कोकिळा (tI kokiLA)
Voice of that cuckoo -> त्या कोकिळेचा आवाज ( tyA kokiLechA AvAj)
The beauty of voice of that cuckoo ->त्या कोकिळेच्या आवाजाचे सौंदर्य ( tyA kokiLechyA AvAjache sauMdary)
The narration of beauty of the voice of that cuckoo ->
त्या कोकिळेच्या आवाजाच्या सौंदर्याचे वर्णन (tyA kokiLechyA AvAjachyA sauMdaryAche varNan)
Song of narration of beauty of the voice of that cuckoo ->
त्या कोकिळेच्या आवाजाच्या सौंदर्याच्या वर्णनाचे गाणे (tyA kokiLechyA AvAjachyA sauMdaryAchyA varNanAche gANe)
Lyrics of the song of narration of beauty of the voice of that cuckoo ->
त्या कोकिळेच्या आवाजाच्या सौंदर्याच्या वर्णनाच्या गाण्याचे बोल (tyA kokiLechyA AvAjachyA sauMdaryAchyA varNanAchyA gANyAche bol)
Lets take another set of words
Country देश (desh) Gender – Masc. Samanyroop देशाची(deshA)
Capital राजधानी(rAjadhAnI) Gender – Fem. Samanyroop राजधानी(rAjadhAnI)
Name नाव(nAv) Gender – Neu. Samanyroop नावा(nAvA)
Spelling स्पेलिंग(speliMg) Gender – Neu. Samanyroop स्पेलिंग(speliMg)
Example sentences
Your country -> तुझा देश (tujhA desh)
Capital of your country -> तुझ्या देशाची राजधानी(tujhyA deshAchI rAjadhAnI)
As we are relating something to “country”, we used samanyroop form तुझा (tujhA ) which is तुझ्या(tujhyA ) as mentioned in point 3.
Name of capital of your country ->तुझ्या देशाच्या राजधानीचे नाव(tujhyA deshAchyA rAjadhAnIche nAv)
The spelling of the name of the capital of your country ->तुझ्या देशाच्या राजधानीच्या नावाचे स्पेलिंग (tujhyA deshAchyA rAjadhAnIchyA nAvAche speliMg)
Other set of words:
Son मुलगा(mulagA) Gender – Mas. Samanyroop मुला(mulA)
school शाळा (shALA) Gender – Fem. Samanyroop शाळे(shALe)
Address पत्ता (pattA) Gender – Mas. Samanyroop पत्त्या(pattyA)
Example sentences
My son -> माझा मुलगा(mAjhA mulagA)
My son’s school -> माझ्या मुलाची शाळा (mAjhyA mulAchI shALA)
Address of my son’s school -> माझ्या मुलाच्या शाळेचा पत्ता (mAjhyA mulAchyA shALechA pattA)
